'One-Lung' Rabbi Feels Bond With Pope

Mar 14, 2013 2:13pm

Rabbi Henry Jay Karp has one healthy lung, like Pope Francis. (Courtesy Rabbi Henry Jay Karp)

Pope Francis? legion of new admirers includes a perhaps unlikely figure: a rabbi living along the Mississippi River.

Like the new world leader, Rabbi Henry Jay Karp has just one healthy lung.

?There?s a kinship, because when you lose basically the use of one lung, it does change your life perspective to a certain degree,? said Karp, 63, a Bronx native who has presided over the Temple Emanuel synagogue in Davenport, Iowa, for nearly three decades.

Losing major lung capacity can do one of two things, he said. It can lead you to fold into yourself and look at all the things you can?t do and be afraid to do things. Or it can present you with a challenge.

In the case of Pope Francis, 76 ? formerly known as?Cardinal Jorge Bergoglio, whose lung was reportedly removed when he was a teenager after an infection ? the path he chose is unmistakable, he said.

?One lung or two lungs, it?s very clear that Pope Francis has led a life of speaking out, speaking out for the poor, for those in need and for justice,? Karp, who writes a blog called ?Reflections of an Iowa Rabbi,? told ABCNews.com.? ?He has a good deal of breath to carry the message of justice forward, and that?s inspiring.?

PHOTOS: Conclave Elects New Pope

Karp was diagnosed as having a dysfunctional diaphragm in 2010 after he started getting short of breath, he said. At first he thought the cause was his asthma. After a summer of tests, though, doctors realized a virus had destroyed the nerve to his left diaphragm.

Surgeons at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota ?sewed down? his diaphragm to make room for his left lung to be reinflated, and now his left lung is functioning but at a very low level, he said. Karp works with a trainer twice a week to help develop surrounding muscles so he can make the most of his healthy lung, he said.

Doctors may have removed the lung of the Vatican?s new leader for a number of reasons: tuberculosis, whooping cough, complications from pneumonia, or because of a congenital lung defect the pope may have been born with that later caused an infection, Dr. William Schaffner, chairman of preventive medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tenn., told ABCNews.com yesterday.

In terms of daily life, Karp said he gets breathless when he carries around the Torah during services. He can?t walk fast, which can affect travel plans.

?When you fly out of a place like Iowa, there are few direct flights,? he said. ?I don?t take tight connections so I can get to the gate and still breathe,? he said.

Living with one lung doesn?t usually affect people?s daily life or life expectancy, said Dr. Len Horovitz, an attending physician in internal and pulmonary medicine at Lenox Hill Hospital.

Just look at the new pope.

?He?s been living with one lung for 60 years,? Horovitz told ABCNews.com. ?He?s already gotten pretty much to the life expectancy of an American man.?

Doctors have been performing pneumonectomies ? removing lungs ? for about that long, or 70 years, he said. Afterward the healthy lung normally expands somewhat, he said.

A missing lung really only affects a sufferer?s ability to exercise, yet even running a marathon technically wouldn?t hurt the existing lung, he said.

The links between Karp and Pope Francis don?t stop at lung issues or even being a member of the clergy. Karp teaches theology at Saint Ambrose University in Davenport, a Catholic school.

Recently he worried about taking students on a major field trip to Eastern Europe, he said. He managed to overcome his fear, however, he said.

He recalled thinking, ?I can?t do this trip. How am I going to be able to schlep around concentration camps?? he said. ?But I said, ?No, I?ll pace myself. And I did that trip.?

Source: http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2013/03/14/one-lung-rabbi-feels-kinship-with-one-lung-pope/

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Poll finds attitude shift among working moms

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Working mothers increasingly want full-time jobs, and tough economic times might be a big reason, according to a national survey.

In the Pew Research Center study being released Thursday, researchers saw a big spike in the share of working mothers who said they'd prefer to work full time; 37 percent said that was their ideal, up from 21 percent in 2007.

The poll comes amid a national debate on women in the workplace ignited by top Facebook executive Sheryl Sandberg, who writes in a new book about the need for women to be more professionally aggressive.

In "Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead," Sandberg argues that women have not made true progress in the workplace over the past decade and that they need to raise their hands more and "lean in" if they want to land more senior positions in corporate America.

The shift toward full-time work in the Pew poll, however, coincides with the recession and may have less to do with career ambitions than with financial realities.

"Women aren't necessarily evolving toward some belief or comfort level with work," says study co-author Kim Parker, an associate director at the center. "They are also reacting to outside forces and in this case, it is the economy."

Among women who said their financial situations aren't sufficient to meet basic expenses, about half said working full time was best for them. Of the women who said they live comfortably, only 31 percent said full time was their best situation.

Melody Armstrong, 34, of Hampton, N.H., works full time and says she wouldn't have it any other way.

"It works better for my family, and for our finances," Armstrong said in an interview. "It helps pay the bills and we can enjoy the lifestyle we have. We need to have two incomes."

Armstrong and her husband have six children between them, a blended family with one child off to college and a baby at home. She works for Double Black Imaging, a Colorado-based company that sells medical monitors. Armstrong says her company gives her the flexibility she needs to work her sales position from home.

"I do some work early in the morning or after dinner," Armstrong says, and can adjust around her children's school and sports schedules.

Mothers' attitudes ? both for those who work outside the home and those who don't ? have changed significantly. Among women with children under 18 years old, the proportion of those who say they would prefer to work full time has increased from 20 percent in 2007 to 32 percent last year.

When all adults were asked about working moms, however, just 16 percent said the best situation for a young child is to have a mother working full time. Slightly over 40 percent said part time was ideal, and one-third said staying home was best for kids.

Guiomar Ochoa, 38, of Chevy Chase, Md., has two young children and works full time. She says she'd rather work part time but says it's just not an option for her family.

"We just can't afford to not have two full-time incomes," Ochoa says. "We wouldn't be able to do it otherwise."

Ochoa, an international specialist with the National Endowment for the Arts, says she's doing her best to juggle her career and caring for her children.

"I've done a really good job of wearing my mom hat when I get home and putting everything aside as far as work goes and focusing on them," said Ochoa.

Most moms in the poll expressed confidence as parents. Nearly three-quarters of mothers with children under 18 said they were doing an excellent or very good job raising their children. Fathers were asked that question, too, and 64 percent gave themselves high marks.

Other findings in the poll:

?Roughly half of working mothers and fathers say they would rather be home with their children but work because they need the income.

?Fifty-six percent of working mothers and 50 percent of working fathers say it's either very or somewhat difficult for them to balance work and family.

?Forty percent of working mothers with children under 18 and 34 percent of working fathers say they always feel rushed.

The Pew Research findings are based on a survey of 2,511 adults nationwide conducted Nov. 28-Dec. 5, 2012. The poll has a margin of error of plus or minus 2.2 percentage points.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/poll-finds-attitude-shift-among-working-moms-040714451--finance.html

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'Monster' starburst galaxies discovered in early universe

Mar. 13, 2013 ? Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) telescope have discovered starburst galaxies earlier in the Universe's history than they were previously thought to have existed. These newly discovered galaxies represent what today's most massive galaxies looked like in their energetic, star-forming youth. The research is the most recent example of the discoveries coming from the new international ALMA observatory, which celebrates its inauguration today.

The results, published in a set of papers to appear in the journal Nature and in the Astrophysical Journal, will help astronomers better understand when and how the earliest massive galaxies formed.

The most intense bursts of star birth are thought to have occurred in the early Universe in massive, bright galaxies. These starburst galaxies converted vast reservoirs of gas and dust into new stars at a furious pace -- many thousands of times faster than stately spiral galaxies like our own Milky Way.

The international team of researchers first discovered these distant starburst galaxies with the National Science Foundation's 10-meter South Pole Telescope. Though dim in visible light, they were glowing brightly in millimeter wavelength light, a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that the new ALMA telescope was designed to explore.

Using only 16 of ALMA's eventual full complement of 66 antennas, the researchers were able to precisely determine the distance to 18 of these galaxies, revealing that they were among the most distant starburst galaxies ever detected, seen when the Universe was only one to three billion years old. These results were surprising because very few similar galaxies had previously been discovered at similar distances, and it wasn't clear how galaxies that early in the history of the Universe could produce stars at such a prodigious rate.

"The more distant the galaxy, the further back in time one is looking, so by measuring their distances we can piece together a timeline of how vigorously the Universe was making new stars at different stages of its 13.7 billion-year history," said Joaquin Vieira a postdoctoral scholar at Caltech who led the team and is lead author of the Nature paper.

In fact, two of these galaxies are the most distant starburst galaxies published to date -- so distant that their light began its journey when the Universe was only one billion years old. Intriguingly, emission from water molecules was detected in one of these record-breakers, making it the most distant detection of water in the Universe published to date.

"ALMA's sensitivity and wide wavelength range mean we could make our measurements in just a few minutes per galaxy -- about one hundred times faster than before," said Axel Weiss of the Max-Planck-Institute for Radioastronomy in Bonn, Germany, who led the work to measure the distances to the galaxies. "Previously, a measurement like this would be a laborious process of combining data from both visible-light and radio telescopes."

The galaxies found in this study have relatives in the local Universe, but the intensity of star formation in these distant objects is unlike anything seen nearby. "Our most extreme galactic neighbors are not forming stars nearly as energetically as the galaxies we observed with ALMA," said Vieira. "These are monstrous bursts of star formation."

The new results indicate these galaxies are forming 1,000 stars per year, compared to just 1 per year for our Milky Way galaxy.

This unprecedented measurement was made possible by gravitational lensing, in which the light from a distant galaxy is distorted and magnified by the gravitational force of a nearer foreground galaxy. "These beautiful pictures from ALMA show the background galaxies warped into arcs of light known as Einstein rings, which encircle the foreground galaxies," said Yashar Hezaveh of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, who led the study of the gravitational lensing. "The dark matter surrounding galaxies half-way across the Universe effectively provides us with cosmic telescopes that make the very distant galaxies appear bigger and brighter."

Analysis of this gravitational distortion reveals that some of the distant star-forming galaxies are as bright as 40 trillion Suns, and that gravitational lensing has magnified this light by up to 22 times. Future observations with ALMA using gravitational lensing can take a more detailed look at the distribution of dark matter surrounding galaxies.

"This is an amazing example of astronomers from around the world collaborating to make an exciting discovery with this new facility," said Daniel Marrone with the University of Arizona, principal investigator of the ALMA gravitational lensing study. "This is just the beginning for ALMA and for the study of these starburst galaxies. Our next step is to study these objects in greater detail and figure out exactly how and why they are forming stars at such prodigious rates."

ALMA, an international astronomy facility, is a partnership of Europe, North America and East Asia in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. ALMA construction and operations are led on behalf of Europe by ESO, on behalf of North America by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), and on behalf of East Asia by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). The Joint ALMA Observatory (JAO) provides the unified leadership and management of the construction, commissioning and operation of ALMA.

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Radio Astronomy Observatory.

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Journal References:

1. J. D. Vieira, D. P. Marrone, S. C. Chapman, C. De Breuck, Y. D. Hezaveh, A. Wei?, J. E. Aguirre, K. A. Aird, M. Aravena, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Bayliss, B. A. Benson, A. D. Biggs, L. E. Bleem, J. J. Bock, M. Bothwell, C. M. Bradford, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. de Haan, M. A. Dobbs, E. B. Fomalont, C. D. Fassnacht, E. M. George, M. D. Gladders, A. H. Gonzalez, T. R. Greve, B. Gullberg, N. W. Halverson, F. W. High, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, S. Hoover, J. D. Hrubes, T. R. Hunter, R. Keisler, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, M. Lueker, D. Luong-Van, M. Malkan, V. McIntyre, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, K. M. Menten, S. S. Meyer, L. M. Mocanu, E. J. Murphy, T. Natoli, S. Padin, T. Plagge, C. L. Reichardt, A. Rest, J. Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, K. Sharon, K. K. Schaffer, L. Shaw, E. Shirokoff, J. S. Spilker, B. Stalder, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, K. Vanderlinde, N. Welikala, R. Williamson. Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing. Nature, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nature12001
2. Y. D. Hezaveh et al. ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF SPT-DISCOVERED, STRONGLY LENSED, DUSTY, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES. Astrophysical Journal, 2013 [link]
3. A. Weiss et al. ALMA REDSHIFTS OF MILLIMETER-SELECTED GALAXIES FROM THE SP TSURVEY: THE REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION OF DUSTY STAR-FORMING GALAXIES. Astrophysical Journal, 2013 [link]

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/wS_pLaNqnm4/130313142558.htm

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Colorado lawmakers approve bill for same-sex civil unions

By Keith Coffman

DENVER (Reuters) - A bill to legalize same-sex civil unions in Colorado won final approval from state lawmakers on Tuesday and was expected to be signed into law, reflecting a recent shift to the left in the political balance of power in the Denver statehouse.

Supporters of the Democratic-sponsored measure, which cleared the state House of Representatives on a 39-26 vote, say it would make gay and lesbian couples eligible for the most of the same benefits, protections and responsibilities currently extended only to heterosexual spouses.

Colorado is one of 30 states with a constitutional amendment that defines marriage as exclusively between a man and a woman.

Assuming enactment of the newly passed bill, Colorado would join eight states that recognize civil unions or domestic partnerships in lieu of gay marriage, according to the Human Rights Campaign.

Another nine states and the District of Columbia have legalized same-sex marriage outright. Among those states, Washington state, Maine and Maryland in November became the first in the nation to approve gay marriage at the ballot box.

Republicans, who previously controlled the lower house of Colorado's General Assembly, foiled passage of similar legislation during the past two years.

But Democrats gained a House majority in November's elections, giving them the votes needed to pass a civil unions bill after Governor John Hickenlooper, a Democrat, opened the legislative session in January by urging passage of such a measure.

LARGELY PARTY-LINE VOTES

The bill, which cleared the Democratic-controlled state Senate last month, 21-14, is scheduled to go into effect on May 1 after receiving Hickenlooper's signature.

Although winning passage on mostly party-line votes of Democrats, the measure drew support from one Republican in the Senate and two in the House.

Among other rights, the measure would allow same-sex couples to make vital health decisions for an incapacitated partner, collect survivor benefits after the death of a partner, adopt a partner's child and visit a partner who is incarcerated in prison or confined to a mental health facility.

"This bill is about three simple things: it's about love, it's about family and it's about equality under the law," Colorado House Speaker Mark Ferrandino, an openly gay Democrat and a sponsor of the bill, told fellow lawmakers.

Also on Tuesday, the judiciary committee of the Minnesota state Senate voted 5-3 to send on to the full Senate a bill that would grant same-sex couples the right to marry.

In November, Minnesota voters became the first in the nation to reject a ballot measure proposing a constitutional amendment to restrict marriage to heterosexual couples.

Before final passage of the civil unions bill in Colorado, lawmakers rejected a number of Republican-sponsored amendments to the bill.

One would have granted faith-based adoption and foster-care agencies an exemption to refuse to place children with same-sex couple on religious grounds.

Catholic Charities, which runs a foster care and adoption service in Colorado, said in a statement that the bill threatens the group's "valuable mission to the community."

CitizenLink, a policy arm of the conservative Christian group Focus on the Family, also opposed the bill.

"The basic objection is that it mimics marriage, and marriage is an institution that should be held up as an ideal for society, and the only definition of marriage there is one man and one woman," said Bruce Hausknecht of CitizenLink.

(Additional reporting by Edith Honan in New York; writing by Alex Dobuzinskis; editing by Cynthia Johnston and Jackie Frank)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/colorado-lawmakers-approve-bill-same-sex-civil-unions-033944525.html

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The Incredibly Strange CPAC That Stopped Living and Became a Mixed Up Zombie (Little green footballs)

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In Seriously Ill Kids, Obesity May Be Tied to Higher Death Risk: Study

By Amy Norton
HealthDay Reporter

TUESDAY, March 12 (HealthDay News) ? Obese children hospitalized for certain serious illnesses may have a higher risk of dying than thinner patients, a new research review suggests.

Experts caution that the findings are just ?suggestive? of a link, and do not prove that critically ill children are more likely to die if they?re obese.

But the results, published online March 11 in JAMA Pediatrics, add to the list of potential risks tied to childhood obesity.

Past studies have found that obese children face higher rates of some long-term health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and asthma. They also tend to become obese adults, with all the potential health consequences that come with that, including increased risks of heart disease and certain cancers.

?This (study) suggests there may be more to childhood obesity than the risks we already know of,? said lead researcher Lori Bechard, a clinical nutrition specialist at Boston Children?s Hospital. ?There may also be some near-term risks.?

Bechard stressed, however, that the studies in her team?s review had a number of limitations. They also varied widely in how they were done, and even in how they defined obesity.

?We don?t feel confident that we can say there is an association? between obesity and seriously ill children?s risk of dying, Bechard said. ?We need more research.?

Given that roughly 17 percent of U.S. children and teens are obese, this possible connection, if proven, could have significant implications.

The findings are based on data from 28 past studies of children ages 2 to 18 who were hospitalized for various reasons. Twenty-one studies looked at kids? risk of dying, and half of them found that for children with serious illnesses, obesity was linked to an increased risk of death.

The studies that did find a link tended to be larger and better done than the others. Still, Bechard said, ?the evidence wasn?t overwhelmingly consistent.?

Besides the higher death risk in some reports, a couple of studies also found that obese children generally had a longer hospital stay. No clear link was established between obesity and the risk of contracting an infection in the hospital.

It?s hard to know what to make of the results, said Dr. Patricia Vuguin, a pediatric endocrinologist at Cohen Children?s Medical Center in New Hyde Park, N.Y.

?This is suggestive that there might be a relationship between obesity and higher mortality. But that doesn?t tell us anything about causality,? said Vuguin, who was not involved in the research.

The better-done studies tried to account for other factors ? such as the severity of a child?s disease ? but there could be other reasons that obese children tended to be at greater risk of dying.

Thankfully, children rarely develop life-threatening illnesses, Vuguin said. ?It?s not common,? she stressed. ?It?s unusual.?

The review found no evidence that obese kids who were presumably in better health ? those having elective surgery ? had a higher-than-normal death risk. But it is so rare for children to die from elective surgery, Bechard said, it would be ?very hard? for a study to detect a link with obesity, if there is one.

Vuguin said a big limitation is that nearly all studies on this issue have been retrospective, which means the researchers looked back in time at patient records. And those records may lack a lot of important information.

Bechard agreed. Prospective studies ? where researchers enroll kids when they enter the hospital, then follow them over time ? would give stronger evidence. ?It would be helpful to do prospective studies, and have clearer definitions of obesity,? Bechard said.

According to Vuguin, it?s plausible that obesity could have some effect on how seriously ill children fare. It?s thought that obesity creates a state of chronic, low-level inflammation in the body. And based on animal research, it?s believed that can impair immune system function.

But it?s not possible to tell from the current findings whether that explains the higher death risk seen in some obese children.

So for now, Bechard said, there are no practical implications from the results ? only more questions. ?We need to keep looking at the effects of being obese in childhood,? she said.

More information

For information on helping overweight kids, visit the U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Source: http://news.health.com/2013/03/12/in-seriously-ill-kids-obesity-may-be-tied-to-higher-death-risk-study/

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Global temperature rise is fastest in at least 11,000 years, study says

The study, which also found the magnitude of the global temperature rise to be unmatched in 4,000 years, suggests that the current warming trend cannot be explained by naturally occurring temperature fluctuations.

By Pete Spotts / March 7, 2013

Man-made snow coats a ski run next to barren ground under a chairlift at Shawnee Peak ski area in Bridgton, Maine, Jan. 2012. Over the past century, global average temperatures appear to have risen faster than at any time since the end of the last ice age 11,300 years ago, and perhaps longer.

Robert F. Bukaty/AP

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Over the past century, global average temperatures appear to have risen faster than at any time since the end of the last ice age 11,300 years ago, and perhaps longer. Meanwhile, the magnitude of the increase has been unmatched in at least the past 4,000 years.

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Researchers say those are the implications of a new study that uses natural stand-ins for thermometers to trace temperature trends back to the beginning of the current warm, interglacial period. Significantly, the study?s findings suggest the current warming trend cannot be explained by some forms of naturally occurring temperature variability, a lingering issue in the debate over the impact of human activity on global warming. [Editor's note: The reference to temperature variability has been revised.]

The main trigger for the current warming trend, especially since the middle of the last century, has been rising emissions of heat-trapping carbon dioxide as people burn fossil fuels and change land-use patterns, researchers say.

Although other so-called paleoclimate records reach farther back into geological time, the team focused on the Holocene epoch, in which human civilizations emerged and evolved.

"To our knowledge, based on this reconstruction, the rate of change today is unprecedented" in the Holocene, says Shaun Marcott, an atmospheric scientist at Oregon State University who led a team formally reporting the results in Friday's issue of the journal Science. Indeed, it may be unprecedented in the past 22,000 years, he adds, when previous paleoclimate research he and his colleagues have conducted is taken into account.

Other researchers have focused on the Holocene as well, notably Michael Mann, a Penn State University climatologist, and his colleagues. But their reconstructions have taken the record back only about 1,500 years.

The new work, using different thermometer stand-ins, or proxies, not only reaches results similar to these previous efforts covering the recent past. It also accounts for natural variations in climate over longer time scales in ways that suggest rising temperatures will exceed the range of natural fluctuations. The long-term variations would include changes in Earth?s orbit, for instance.

Based on the reconstructed temperatures records,?natural variability over the study's time span accounts for roughly 1 degree C from coldest to warmest compared with the current climate, observes David Anderson, branch chief for the Paleoclimate Program in at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center office in Boulder, Colo.

"If you go grab the mount of warming expected just within the next 80 years, that's more like 3 degrees," says Dr. Anderson, who was not a member of the study team ? three times the change one would expect from natural variability alone, and all in the warm direction.

According to the reconstruction, global average temperatures increased by about 0.6 degrees Celsius (1 degree Fahrenheit) from 11,300 to 9,500 years ago. Temperatures remained relatively constant for about 4,000 years. From about 4,500 years ago to roughly 100 years ago, global average temperatures cooled by 0.7 degrees C.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/ijpdZV69ams/Global-temperature-rise-is-fastest-in-at-least-11-000-years-study-says

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